Former CIA Director John Brennan told a House hearing on Tuesday the CIA first asked the FBI last summer to investigate contacts between Russian intelligence officials and Americans in the Trump campaign.
Skirting concerns involving classified information, John Brennan, President Obama's CIA chief, provided few details on the intelligence related to Russian recruitment attempts against Trump aides, who he described as "U.S. persons."
Asked if there was collusion between the Trump campaign and Russia, Brennan said he did not know. But he said Russian intelligence was actively seeking to suborn Americans and that a number of contacts had taken place with campaign officials.
"I encountered and am aware of information and intelligence that revealed contacts and interactions between Russian officials and U.S. persons involved in the Trump campaign that I was concerned about because of known Russian efforts to suborn such individuals, and it raised questions in my mind whether or not the Russians were able gain the cooperation of those individuals, " Brennan told the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence.
"I don't know whether or not such 'collusion' existed. I don't know," he added. "But there was a sufficient basis of information and intelligence that required further investigation to determine whether U.S. persons were actively conspiring, colluding with Russian officials."
Brennan testified that he knew the names of the Americans but declined to provide the names in the public hearing. He also did not describe the nature of the intelligence on the Americans.
Brennan, a career CIA analyst, was considered among the CIA's more liberal directors. As a student he voted for a Communist Party USA candidate for president, Gus Hall, during the height of the Cold War. He voiced worries the vote for a communist president would disqualify him from a job in the CIA when he joined in 1980.
As CIA director, Brennan initiated a number of reforms that critics say have weakened the agency, including weakening the CIA operations directorate, its spying branch, by mixing in analysts with espionage and covert action specialists.
Brennan said in July he set up a task force that included FBI agents and National Security Agency officials to look into Russian election meddling. Sometime last summer, he then formally referred intelligence reports on the Russia-Trump campaign contacts to the FBI for further investigation.
The testimony is part of the House committee's investigation into whether Russian intelligence was able to penetrate the Trump presidential election campaign. It is also investigating how electronic intelligence related to the U.S. investigations of the matter was leaked to the press.
Brennan, in declining to specify the CIA intelligence on the Russian contacts, said documents related to the matter have been provided to the committee by the agency.
FBI Director James Comey announced to Congress in March that the FBI was conducting a counterintelligence probe into "any links between individuals associated with the Trump campaign and the Russian government, and whether there was any coordination between the campaign and Russia’s efforts."
President Trump has dismissed the Russian collusion allegations as a hoax. He fired Comey earlier this month in part over concerns that the FBI was pursuing an unwarranted probe into the Russia ties.
A Justice Department special counsel, former FBI Director Robert Mueller, was appointed earlier this month to investigate the Russian effort to penetrate the Trump campaign.
Brennan was asked several times during the hearing whether he could confirm collusion between the Trump campaign and the Russians and said he could not. However, the context of the contacts—Russian intelligence had hacked and disseminated Democratic Party-related documents—raised concerns that he said needed to be investigated.
Brennan said, "I felt as though the FBI investigation was certainly well-founded and needed to look into those issues."
Brennan said on August 4 that he spoke to Alexander Bortnikov, director of Russia's Federal Security Service, the main intelligence agency, as part of an intelligence-sharing arrangement related to Syria.
The former CIA chief then complained about Russian mistreatment of U.S. diplomats in Moscow before shifting to the topic of Russian election meddling.
"I next raised the published media reports of Russian attempts to interfere in our upcoming presidential election," he said. "I told Mr. Bortnikov that if Russia had such a campaign underway, it would be certain to backfire. I said that all Americans regardless of political affiliation or whom they might support in the election cherish their ability to elect their own leaders without outside interference or disruption. I said American voters would be outraged by any Russian attempt to interfere in election."
The FBI counterspy probe had begun about two months earlier. Brennan was not asked during the hearing whether he raised Russian attempts to try and recruit Trump campaign officials during the conversation with Bortnikov.
Bortnikov, in the conversation, denied Moscow was engaged in an influence operation against the election, Brennan said.
Brennan also disclosed under questioning that the FBI sought to pursue information contained in a private intelligence dossier done by former British intelligence officer Christopher Steele.
The CIA did not rely on the dossier for its intelligence reporting on Russian activities related to the campaign. "It wasn't part of the corpus of intelligence" on Russian influence activities and was not made part of the final report, Brennan said.
The FBI, however, tried to confirm elements of the report, Brennan noted.
The dossier, produced by a private company linked to the Democratic Party, asserted that Russia has been "cultivating, supporting and assisting" Trump for five years. The document has been widely discredited as containing false information, however.
Rep. Chris Stewart (R., Utah) said he has reviewed raw CIA intelligence related to the intelligence community assessment of Russian election meddling and said he does not agree with its conclusion that Moscow sought to boost Trump's chances of winning.
"I don't agree with the conclusion [of the intelligence community assessment] particularly that it's such a high level of confidence," Stewart said.
"I just think there should have been allowances made for some of the ambiguity in that, and especially for those who didn't share in the conclusion that there is a high degree of confidence."
Allegations of Russian collusion with the Trump campaign remain unconfirmed but have set off a bitter political battle.
Democrats in Congress have charged the Russians secretly worked with Trump campaign associates to skew the election against the Democratic candidate, Hillary Clinton.
Since the election that brought Trump to power, many Democrats have alleged the win was the result of a conspiracy between Russian intelligence and the Trump campaign to defeat Clinton.
Republicans have questioned whether there is any solid evidence linking Moscow to the Trump campaign.
Congressional Republicans also are investigating whether highly classified intelligence gathered against foreign officials in the United States was misused to gather political intelligence against Trump and his transition team.
Rep. Devin Nunes (R., Calif.), the House intelligence committee chairman, has charged that documents he has reviewed indicate that Americans were improperly spied on during an Obama administration foreign intelligence monitoring operation between November and January—the period when the Trump transition team was functioning.
Nunes, who was sidelined from the Russian investigation by an ethics probe related to the intelligence disclosures, also has said there are indications intelligence agencies may have improperly "unmasked" the identities of Americans that are normally blacked out in foreign intelligence reports to protect privacy rights.
The New York Times reported in March that during this period, the Obama administration was frantically seeking to uncover and preserve intelligence on Russia-Trump campaign ties, fearing the new president would destroy it once in power.
Three Trump aides have been the focus of the Democrats' allegations. They include former White House National Security Adviser Michael Flynn, former Trump campaign manager Paul Manafort, and unofficial campaign adviser Carter Page.
"Every day the American public is bombarded with news about the Russian interference in our elections," said the committee's acting chairman, Rep. Mike Conaway (R., Texas).
"Many of [these] reports are false and/or misleading," he said. "Today is an opportunity to focus on the truth and the truth can be only found through a full and fair investigation of all the facts."
Committee Vice Chairman, Rep. Adam Schiff (D., Calif.) called the Russian influence operation during the 2016 campaign "an unprecedented attack on our democratic institutions."
Schiff during earlier hearings had asked several questions of intelligence and law enforcement witnesses based on the discredited dossier.